Forms of work: An overview of the new statistical standards
An introduction to the conceptual frameworks for forms of work and labour force statistics, including labour underutilization.
Forms of work: An overview of the new statistical standards
An introduction to the conceptual frameworks for forms of work and labour force statistics, including labour underutilization.
Database descriptions, statistical standards (resolutions and guidelines), and guides and manuals – all the metadata to better understand the labour statistics presented on ILOSTAT.
Find resolutions, guidelines, meeting room documents and reports related to the International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS).
Labour force survey (LFS) resources
Online resources for data producers to build or improve their labour force survey, such as PAPI and CAPI model questionnaires.
Online resources for data producers to improve their population census to be in line with the latest international statistical standards for labour.
Labour market information systems (LMIS)
Learn more about LMIS and what we can offer in terms of tools, capacity building activities and technical assistance in labour statistics.
Selected data tools
Access all ILOSTAT data, including detailed cross-tabulations and special requests not made available through other data tools. Recommended for researchers!
Quickly find, filter, pivot, map and download data in various formats.
Data catalogues by region
International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS)
The ICLS meets every 5 years to establish international standards on labour statistics. The 21st ICLS will be held this year from 11-20 October.
See the upcoming schedule for major events, training and workshops in labour statistics.
Capacity building and technical assistance
We provide training and support with the implementation of international statistical standards, data production, analysis and dissemination.
Learn about the ILO Department of Statistics’ role in the field of labour statistics, including contributions to capacity building and SDGs.
Learn more about the international standards on labour statistics (a. conventions and recommendations and b. resolutions and guidelines).
Learn more about the ILO’s programme of methodological research to identify and promote good practices in the collection and reporting of labour statistics.
Discover the main methods to compile and produce ILOSTAT data: automated data collection, microdata processing and an annual questionnaire.
Learn about ILOSTAT dissemination tools, including those available to data producers, and analytical products.
The ILO seeks partners to improve the production and dissemination of labour statistics for better evidence-based policy. See our current partnerships.
Instructions on how to make best use of the ILOSTAT website to find data, methods and resources for labour statistics.
This catalogue of national data sources presented in ILOSTAT provides an overview of worldwide sources available for labour statistics.
Find selected publications featuring ILOSTAT data.
Learn about the latest labour statistics trends using ILOSTAT data and get insights into methodological issues.
Forms of work: An overview of the new statistical standards
An introduction to the conceptual frameworks for forms of work and labour force statistics, including labour underutilization.
Database descriptions, statistical standards (resolutions and guidelines), and guides and manuals – all the metadata to better understand the labour statistics presented on ILOSTAT.
Find resolutions, guidelines, meeting room documents and reports related to the International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS).
Labour force survey (LFS) resources
Online resources for data producers to build or improve their labour force survey, such as PAPI and CAPI model questionnaires.
Online resources for data producers to improve their population census to be in line with the latest international statistical standards for labour.
Labour market information systems (LMIS)
Learn more about LMIS and what we can offer in terms of tools, capacity building activities and technical assistance in labour statistics.
Selected data tools
Access all ILOSTAT data, including detailed cross-tabulations and special requests not made available through other data tools. Recommended for researchers!
Quickly find, filter, pivot, map and download data in various formats.
Data catalogues by region
International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS)
The ICLS meets every 5 years to establish international standards on labour statistics. The 21st ICLS will be held this year from 11-20 October.
See the upcoming schedule for major events, training and workshops in labour statistics.
Capacity building and technical assistance
We provide training and support with the implementation of international statistical standards, data production, analysis and dissemination.
Learn about the ILO Department of Statistics’ role in the field of labour statistics, including contributions to capacity building and SDGs.
Learn more about the international standards on labour statistics (a. conventions and recommendations and b. resolutions and guidelines).
Learn more about the ILO’s programme of methodological research to identify and promote good practices in the collection and reporting of labour statistics.
Discover the main methods to compile and produce ILOSTAT data: automated data collection, microdata processing and an annual questionnaire.
Learn about ILOSTAT dissemination tools, including those available to data producers, and analytical products.
The ILO seeks partners to improve the production and dissemination of labour statistics for better evidence-based policy. See our current partnerships.
Instructions on how to make best use of the ILOSTAT website to find data, methods and resources for labour statistics.
This catalogue of national data sources presented in ILOSTAT provides an overview of worldwide sources available for labour statistics.
Find selected publications featuring ILOSTAT data.
Learn about the latest labour statistics trends using ILOSTAT data and get insights into methodological issues.
The work of the ICLS is carried out based on ILO reports, one each for the main items and a general report for the others. The report on a subject contains proposals for a draft resolution, the first version of which typically would have been submitted to a Meeting of Experts for review and advice. Subsequent to the Meeting, the ILO continues its research and consultation activities to improve the draft proposals, taking into consideration the discussions and recommendations of the Meeting. Thus, the report prepared for the ICLS reflects detailed methodological research and analysis that are often of help to national statistical offices.
The reports are first briefly presented at a plenary session of the ICLS and then discussed in detail and amended, if necessary, by Committees that meet during the Conference. The resulting proposals from the Committees are then further debated at a plenary session before being adopted as amended (or rejected) by the Conference. The tradition is that decisions at the ICLS are taken on the basis of consensus with only occasional voting on particular points of a resolution. As much as possible, the standards adopted by the ICLS reflect “best practice” but they are not prescriptive, because of the differences that exist in statistical development, resources and infrastructure in the countries in which they are to be implemented.
The Conference adopted four resolutions concerning:
The ICLS is a vehicle for standard-setting in labour statistics, hosted by the ILO every five years
The ICLS makes recommendations on selected topics of labour statistics in the form of resolutions and guidelines, which are then approved by the Governing Body of the ILO before becoming part of the set of international standards on labour statistics. These standards usually relate to concepts, definitions, classifications and other methodological procedures which are agreed as representing ‘best practice’ in the respective areas. When used by national data producers (for example, national statistical offices), these will increase the likelihood of having internationally comparable labour statistics.
Each ICLS provides a rare opportunity for labour statisticians throughout the world to meet each other and exchange views and experiences.
The ILO Governing Body decides on the agenda, following proposals by the Department of Statistics. Topics are identified based on recommendations of earlier ICLS sessions, the work of the Department, through other ILO programmes or signals received from users, national producers and regional and international organizations.
The main items on the agenda are those being considered for standard-setting. Meanwhile, other items are for discussion with a view to having guidance on the future work programme of the ILO, including future development, updating of standards or guidelines.
The most recurring topics are wages and hours of work (discussed at nearly all the ICLS), the classification of occupations, occupational injuries and unemployment.
Changes in the world of work and practices in official statistics, improvements in technology, methodological advances and new insights from experience make it necessary to revisit the same topics and review their existing standards over several ICLS sessions.
Experts in labour statistics from all over the world attend the ICLS. This includes most notably statisticians who work in national statistical offices, ministries of labour and selected representatives of workers’ and employers’ organizations.
No. In general, attendance must be self-funded.
No. Resolutions provide detailed guidance on conceptual frameworks, operational definitions and measurement methodologies to produce and disseminate labour statistics. Their purpose is to provide guidance to countries wishing to develop or revise their national labour statistics programmes, as well as to enhance international comparability. Guidelines provide more general guidance relating to particular areas of interest.
Documents related to the ICLS are organized by session on the ILOSTAT page ICLS documents.
Since its inception in 1919, the ILO has been involved in statistical activities. Article 10.1 of the Constitution of the Organization requires "the collection and distribution of information on all subjects relating to the international adjustment of conditions of individual life and labour."
The ILO Bureau of Statistics began collecting labour statistics in the early 1920s with national figures of prices and unemployment, which were published in the International Labour Review as from its first issue in 1921.
The purpose of the Conference was to consider the problems involved in the compilation of labour statistics and to agree, if possible, upon certain methods and standards with a view to rendering labour statistics more comparable across countries.
The Governing Body debated the agenda of this first Conference at some length. The subjects finally chosen were:
Thirty-three countries were represented, including almost every European State, and countries as far distant as Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, and India.
Since 1924, questionnaires have been sent out to ministries of labour or national statistical services to collect information for the October Inquiry and, since 1935, for the Year Book.
It was the First ICLS which recommended that the ILO should take over a survey, initiated a few years earlier by the British Ministry of Labour, to collect data on wages and food prices in 16 capital cities. Later known as the "ILO October Inquiry" because of its reference period, the survey was carried out from 1924 to 2010, providing a unique set of international wage and price data going back over 70 years.
The Conference agenda included the classification of industries; cost-of-living index numbers; unemployment statistics; and international comparisons of real wages.
The Conference discussed the classification of industries; family budget surveys; statistics of collective agreements; and statistics of strikes and lockouts.
The object of the fourth Conference was a different one, and arose out of a special enquiry undertaken by the ILO some years prior. Its focus was on international comparisons of real wages.
Data on employment were soon added to the figures on prices and unemployment, and over the years the subjects covered gradually expanded to include wages, hours of work, industrial disputes and collective agreements. Time series on each of these topics were published in the Year Book of Labour Statistics, which was first issued in 1935.
The Conference set to the agenda to include employment and payroll statistics; unemployment statistics; wartime and post-war developments in methods and techniques; and industrial accident statistics.
The Conference agenda included the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO); statistics of payrolls and earnings; methods of family living studies; methods of statistics of productivity of labour; and the Resolution of the Chemical Industries Committee of the ILO concerning the standardisation of statistics of accidents and occupational diseases. The majority of the items had been proposed by the Sixth ICLS.
The Conference discussed the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO); international comparisons of real wages; and employment and unemployment statistics.
The Conference adopted eight resolutions concerning the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO); social security statistics; measurement of underemployment; consumer prices; statistics of employment injuries (including occupational diseases); and the publication of statistical documents.
The Conference discussed statistics of employment injuries; statistics of hours of work; and special problems in the computation of consumer price index numbers.
To provide users with information about the statistics it compiled and published, the Bureau launched a series of Technical Guides in 1964. These were issued every two years from 1968 to 1980, when a new, more detailed series of Sources and methods: Labour statistics was introduced. Preparing the methodological descriptions on the different subjects provided valuable insight into the methods used by countries, essential for the Bureau's developmental work for the international standards.
The Conference discussed statistics of employment injuries; statistics of hours of work; and special problems in the computation of consumer price index numbers.
Starting in 1971, the ILO started to publish comparable estimates and projections of population, of the labour force and age-sex specific activity rates for all countries, territories, and major geographical groupings. The series still exist, with many more econometric models created since to provide global and regional estimates for additional indicators.
The Conference agenda included statistics of wages and employee income and the scope, method and uses of family expenditures surveys.
The Conference adopted two resolutions: on labour force, employment, unemployment and underemployment and on statistics of occupational injuries; and discussed the revision of the ILO October Inquiry on occupational wages; international coding of labour statistics; and statistics of paid holidays.
The Conference adopted eight resolutions concerning consumer price indices; industrial disputes: statistics of strikes; the revision of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO); and on future work.
The Conference adopted resolutions concerning statistics of strikes, lockouts and other forms of industrial action; statistics of employment in the informal sectors; and the revision of the International Classification according to Status in Employment (ICSE).
The Conference adopted resolutions concerning the measurement of underemployment, the measurement of income from employment, and statistics of occupational injuries.
1999 marked the launch of the Web-based application of LABORSTA, the main statistical database of the ILO, which in reality was a set of ILO statistical databases covering all subjects for which the ILO was a custodian under the UN system.
The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) – which range from halving extreme poverty rates to providing universal primary education, all by the target date of 2015 – formed a blueprint agreed to by all the world’s countries and all the world’s leading development institutions. The MDGs came with 8 goals, 60 indicators and 21 targets to monitor progress.
Within the UN system, the ILO takes the lead in reporting on trends concerning the achievement of full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people (Target 1B).
The Conference adopted three resolutions concerning: household income and expenditure statistics, consumer price indices, and further work on the International Standard Classification of Occupations.
The Conference adopted resolutions concerning statistics of working time and child labour; logistics of the Conference; and further work on measuring labour underutilization and decent work.
The Conference adopted five resolutions concerning statistics of work, employment and labour underutilization; further work on forced labour, cooperatives and labour migration; and the functioning of the Conference.
The 2030 Agenda embraces three dimensions of sustainability – economic, social and environmental. It has 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that put people and planet at its centre, giving the international community a framework for tackling the many challenges confronting humanity, including those in the world of work.
The importance of decent work in achieving sustainable development is highlighted by Goal 8 which aims to “promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all”.
The ILO contributes to five Goals and is custodian for 14 SDG indicators.
The Conference adopted four resolutions concerning statistics on work relationships, child labour and the methodology of SDG indicators on labour rights and youth employment.
The information in this timeline is based on ICLS reports and the ILO document 75 years of international labour statistics.
International standards on labour statistics are of two types: Conventions and Recommendations, adopted by the International Labour Conference (ILC), and Resolutions and Guidelines adopted by the ICLS.